Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Article Title: The Effect of Neddylation Inhibition on Inflammation-Induced MMP9 Gene Expression in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
doi: 10.3390/ijms22041716
Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and MLN4924 on matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) expression and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell migration. ( A ) After overnight serum starvation, KYSE150 cells were pretreated or not with 1 μM MLN4924 for 30 min and then stimulated with TNF-α at the indicated concentration for 24 h. Activity of MMP9 and MMP2 was analyzed by gelatin zymography in the conditioned media. The protein levels of membrane type I-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP), cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A/p21), c-Jun, nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and SP1 were determined by Western blotting. Fold change calculated as the ratio of relative levels of proteins normalized to β-actin (ACTB) between the cells treated with TNF-α in combination with MLN4924 and the cells treated with TNF-α alone is shown in . Values shown are means ± SEM: whiskers: min–max. ( B ) MMP9 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in both KYSE150 and KYSE70 cells treated for 24 h with TNF-α (30 ng/mL) and MLN4924 (1 µM) alone or in combination. Results are presented as fold change of MMP9 gene in the treated cells relative to the untreated controls normalized to the expression of the reference gene encoding glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase ( GAPDH ). ( C ) Representative images from wound healing assay showing the changes in KYSE70 cell migration under MLN4924 and TNF-α applied separately and in combination after 24 h and 48 h treatment in relation to the untreated controls. The cells were seeded in silicone inserts and allowed to attach and form a confluent monolayer. After the inserts were removed, the cells were treated with TNF-α (30 ng/mL) and MLN4924 (1 µM) separately or in combination and incubated for the next 48 h. Images of cell-free artificial wounds were taken at 0, 24 and 48 h. ( D ) Quantitative analysis of wound closure. Summary bar graphs illustrating the ratio of wound closure after 24 and 48 h quantified for KYSE150 and KYSE70 cells. Values shown are means ± SEM. * p < 0.001, ** p < 0.05 vs. control. Ctrl—untreated controls.
Article Snippet: Rabbit anti-β-Actin (13E5) (4970), c-Jun (60A8) (9165), Phospho-c-Jun (Ser73) (D47G9) XP ® (3270), Phospho-IκBα (Ser32) (14D4) (2859), Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (3033), p21 Waf1/Cip1 (12D1) (2947), SP1 (D4C3) (9389S), mouse anti-IκBα (L35A5) (4814) and NF-κB p65 (L8F6) (6956) antibodies were products of Cell Signaling.
Techniques: Expressing, Migration, Concentration Assay, Activity Assay, Zymography, Membrane, Western Blot, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Quantitative RT-PCR, Wound Healing Assay, Incubation, Control